I'm seeing a variation on the original theme. I used the migration tool to move a machine from one domain to another and to migrate one user. The user cannot launch Outlook, because access is denied to the .ost file. Disabling ADAL might fix it for others, but isn't an option (nor a good idea). I haven't tried renaming the broker folder in this instance, because I don't think that is the issue, although I have used that fix on another machine that had a TPM issue. But what I noticed in this users's case is that the path to the Outlook.ost file looking something like this:
"\\?\C:\Users\userid\...."
A profile with a working data file path does not have the "\\?\" and I'm wondering if there is some sort of escape code that is getting added to paths via the migration tool?
Perhaps not coincidentally, I have seen similar access denied issues post-migration using the User Profile Transfer tool. The message there is in the Application event log:
ShellExperienceHost (9772,P,98) TILEREPOSITORYSID-Removed: An attempt to open the device with name "\\.\C:" containing "C:\" failed with system error 5 (0x00000005): "Access is denied. ". The operation will fail with error -1032 (0xfffffbf8).